LTOTests

Recettore per gli Estrogeni/Progesterone

In Sintesi

Perché?

Per la caratterizzazione dei carcinomi alla mammella, come supporto alla valutazione delle strategie terapeutiche ed alla formulazione della prognosi.

Quando?

Nel caso in cui venga diagnosticato un carcinoma alla mammella invasivo o nel caso in cui vi sia una recidiva di un tumore al seno precedentemente trattato.

Il campione

Un campione di tessuto tumorale prelevato tramite agoaspirato, agobiopsia o biopsia chirurgica, ottenuta dalla rimozione chirurgica del tumore mediante lumpectomia o mastectomia.

La preparazione

È importante seguire tutte le istruzioni fornite dal personale sanitario.

L'Esame

I recettori sono proteine specializzate espresse sulla superficie o all’interno delle cellule in grado di riconoscere e legare altre sostanze. Solitamente il legame di queste sostanze ai recettori determina degli effetti all’interno della cellula. Molti tumori della mammella, anche se non tutti, esprimono recettori in grado di legare gli estrogeni e il progesterone, ormoni. I carcinomi mammari che esprimono il recettore per gli estrogeni (ER) e quelli che esprimono il recettore per il progesterone (PR) dipendono da questi ormoni per la loro crescita. Gli esami per la ricerca di ER e PR nei tessuti ottenuti da tumori alla mammella permettono di determinare la presenza di uno o entrambi i recettori .

Come e Perchè

Come viene raccolto il campione per l'esame?

Durante la biopsia viene prelevato un campione di cellule o di tessuto che sarà successivamente esaminato al microscopio.

Solitamente, viene somministrato al paziente un anestetico locale o generale. Nel caso dell'anestesia generale viene indotto nel paziente uno stato di incoscienza, inibendo la sensibilità al dolore.

Al termine dell'agobiopsia viene applicata una garza sterile sul sito della biopsia ed esercitata una pressione per prevenire eventuali emorragie. Nel caso della biopsia chirurgica, l'area in cui è stato rimosso il campione di tessuto viene trattata con strip adesive o punti di sutura.

Domande Frequenti

Esiste un esame effettuato su sangue per poter stabilire lo stato di espressione dei recettori?

No, attualmente la presenza dei recettori nelle cellule tumorali deve essere valutata sul tumore stesso.

Revisori

A cura di: Dr Antonio Fortunato, Direttore U.O.C. Patologia Clinica ASUR Marche.

Documento revisionato e condiviso dai componenti attivi del Gruppo di Studio “ELAS” della Società Italiana di Biochimica Clinica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica (SIBioC): Lucia Belloni, Cinzia Carrozza, Aldo Clerico, Mario Correale, Giulia Canu, Ruggero Dittadi, Antonio Fortunato, Silvia Masotti, Marco Migliardi, Sara Rizzardi, Maria Teresa Sandri, Giulio Vignati.

Immagini Correlate

Mammella e linfonodi. Fonte immagine: Don Bliss, NCI
Carcinoma duttale in situ (DCIS). Fonte immagine: Don Bliss, National Cancer Institute
Cellule cancerose infiltranti. Fonte immagine: Don Bliss, National Cancer Institute

Fonti

Fonti utilizzate nella revisione corrente

Current review performed by Gregary T. Bocsi, DO and the Editorial Review Board.

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